Iodine is a crucial mineral that is predominantly found in seafood. It plays a significant role in the production of thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland, a small butterfly-shaped gland located at the front of the neck. These hormones are instrumental in controlling growth, repairing damaged cells, and maintaining a healthy metabolism.
Despite its importance, a significant portion of the global population, potentially up to one-third, is at risk of iodine deficiency, particularly pregnant individuals, people living in areas with iodine-poor soil, those who avoid iodized salt, and vegetarians or vegans. In contrast, iodine deficiencies are uncommon in the United States due to the adequate levels of the mineral present in the food supply.
- Swelling in the Neck
- Fatigue and Weakness
- Hair Loss
- Unexpected Weight Gain
- Feeling Colder Than Usual
- Changes in Heart Rate
- Dry, Flaky Skin
- Problems During Pregnancy
- Heavy or Irregular Periods
- Trouble Learning and Remembering [1]
Swelling in the Neck (Goiter)
A common indicator of iodine deficiency is a noticeable swelling in the front part of the neck, known as a goiter. This condition arises when the thyroid gland enlarges to compensate for the lack of iodine. Usually, the thyroid gland produces hormones following the stimulation by the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). When there is an insufficient amount of iodine, the gland struggles to produce these hormones, leading to an increase in TSH levels and subsequent thyroid gland enlargement. While goiters can often be treated by boosting iodine intake, long-standing cases may result in irreversible thyroid damage.
